Definition of Test, Measurement, Assessment, Evaluation, Formal and Informal, Formative and Summative
1. Definition of Test
a. Test is a way to make an assessment in the form of a task that must be done by a child or group of children so as to produce a value about the childs behavior or achievement which can then be compared with the value achieved by other children or standards which has been set. (Wayan Nurkencana 1993)
b. Test is a method determine a students ability to complete certain tasks or demonstrate mastery of a skill or knowledge of content. Some types would be multiple choice tests or a weekly spelling test. While it commonly used interchangeably with assessment, or even evaluation, it can be distinguished by the fact that a test is one form of an assessment. (Overton, Terry 2008)
2. Definition of Measurement
a. Measurement is a process that describes student performance using a quantitative scale (number system) such that the qualitative nature of students performance is expressed by numbers. ( Alwasilah et al. 1996)
b. Measurement is an empirical process of collecting data that is used to gather information that is relevant to predetermined goals. (Cangelosi, James S 1995)
3. Defenition of Assessment
a. Classroom Assessment is a simple method faculty can use to collect feedback, early and often on how well their students are learning what they are being taught. (Angelo T.A. 1991)
b. Assessment is a process by which information is obtained relative to some known objective or goal. Assessment is a broad term that includes testing. A test is a special form of assessment. Tests are assessments made under contrived circumstances especially so that they may be administered. In other words, all tests are assessment, but not all assessment are tests. ( Kizlik, Bob 2009)
4. Definition of Evaluation
a. Evaluation the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information to determine the extent to which pupils are achieving instructional objectives. (Frey, Barbara A., and Susan W. Alman. 2003)
b. Stated that literally the word evaluation comes from English evaluation , in Indonesian it means assessment. The root word is value which means value. So the term evaluation refers to an action or a process to determine the value of something . (Sudiono, Anas 2005)
5. Definition of Formal and Informal Assessment
a. Formal Assessment is an information collection technique designed to identify and record sudents knowledge and skills. In contrast to informal process assessment, formal process assessment are activities that are organized and carried out systematically with the aim of making a conclusion about the progress of students.
b. Informal Assessments is an assessment made and developed by teachers basedon aspects of development or curriculum related to childrens learning abilities.
6. Definition of Formative and Summative Assessment
a. Formative Assessment is a teacher and student activity that is intended to monitor student learning progress throughout the learning process. This Assessment will provide feedback for improving the learning program in knowing and reducing errors that require improvement.
Summative Assessment is an assessment activity that produces grades or numbers hich are then used as decisions on student performance. This assessment activity is carried out if the learning experience unit or all subject matter has been completed. Summative assessment is used to determine the classification of awards at the end of a course or program.
References :
http://penelitiantindakankelas.blogspot.com/2013/01/pengertian-evaluasi-pengertian-penilaian-pengertian-pengukuran.html?m=1
http://melyloelhabox.blogspot.com/2013/05/asesmen-formal-dan-asesmen-informal.html?m=1
https://yudharta.ac.id/id/2016/11/penilaian-formatif-dan -penilaian-sumatif/
a. Test is a way to make an assessment in the form of a task that must be done by a child or group of children so as to produce a value about the childs behavior or achievement which can then be compared with the value achieved by other children or standards which has been set. (Wayan Nurkencana 1993)
b. Test is a method determine a students ability to complete certain tasks or demonstrate mastery of a skill or knowledge of content. Some types would be multiple choice tests or a weekly spelling test. While it commonly used interchangeably with assessment, or even evaluation, it can be distinguished by the fact that a test is one form of an assessment. (Overton, Terry 2008)
2. Definition of Measurement
a. Measurement is a process that describes student performance using a quantitative scale (number system) such that the qualitative nature of students performance is expressed by numbers. ( Alwasilah et al. 1996)
b. Measurement is an empirical process of collecting data that is used to gather information that is relevant to predetermined goals. (Cangelosi, James S 1995)
3. Defenition of Assessment
a. Classroom Assessment is a simple method faculty can use to collect feedback, early and often on how well their students are learning what they are being taught. (Angelo T.A. 1991)
b. Assessment is a process by which information is obtained relative to some known objective or goal. Assessment is a broad term that includes testing. A test is a special form of assessment. Tests are assessments made under contrived circumstances especially so that they may be administered. In other words, all tests are assessment, but not all assessment are tests. ( Kizlik, Bob 2009)
4. Definition of Evaluation
a. Evaluation the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information to determine the extent to which pupils are achieving instructional objectives. (Frey, Barbara A., and Susan W. Alman. 2003)
b. Stated that literally the word evaluation comes from English evaluation , in Indonesian it means assessment. The root word is value which means value. So the term evaluation refers to an action or a process to determine the value of something . (Sudiono, Anas 2005)
5. Definition of Formal and Informal Assessment
a. Formal Assessment is an information collection technique designed to identify and record sudents knowledge and skills. In contrast to informal process assessment, formal process assessment are activities that are organized and carried out systematically with the aim of making a conclusion about the progress of students.
b. Informal Assessments is an assessment made and developed by teachers basedon aspects of development or curriculum related to childrens learning abilities.
6. Definition of Formative and Summative Assessment
a. Formative Assessment is a teacher and student activity that is intended to monitor student learning progress throughout the learning process. This Assessment will provide feedback for improving the learning program in knowing and reducing errors that require improvement.
Summative Assessment is an assessment activity that produces grades or numbers hich are then used as decisions on student performance. This assessment activity is carried out if the learning experience unit or all subject matter has been completed. Summative assessment is used to determine the classification of awards at the end of a course or program.
References :
http://penelitiantindakankelas.blogspot.com/2013/01/pengertian-evaluasi-pengertian-penilaian-pengertian-pengukuran.html?m=1
http://melyloelhabox.blogspot.com/2013/05/asesmen-formal-dan-asesmen-informal.html?m=1
https://yudharta.ac.id/id/2016/11/penilaian-formatif-dan -penilaian-sumatif/
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